Monday, July 9, 2012

Tuesday July 10 Housing and Economic stories



TOP STORIES:

Grim. Serious. Terrifying. Nerve-rattling. - (www.reuters.com) These are the words some prominent American investors and strategists are using to describe the worsening debt crisis in the euro zone and its impact on the global economy. While growth has been slowing in China and the United States and companies warn about the effect on earnings, there is a mounting sense among the financial community that politicians and markets are operating on two completely different timelines. They see a fractured Europe fiddling in the near term, attempting to seal one fissure as another larger one appears while they talk about a five-to-10-year timeframe for real solutions, such as a more fiscally integrated euro zone. 

U.S. Banks Aren’t Nearly Ready for Coming European Crisis - (www.bloomberg.com) The euro area faces a major economic crisis, most likely a series of rolling, country-specific problems involving some combination of failing banks and sovereigns that can’t pay their debts in full. This will culminate in systemwide stress, emergency liquidity loans from the European Central Bank and politicians from all the countries involved increasingly at one another’s throats. Simon Johnson, who served as chief economist at the International Monetary Fund in 2007 and 2008, is a professor of entrepreneurship at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Sloan School of Management. Even the optimists now say openly that Europe will only solve its problems when the alternatives look sufficiently bleak and time has run out. Less optimistic people increasingly think that the euro area will break up because all the proposed solutions are pie-in-the-sky.

Follies of big banks and government - (www.billmoyers.com) Rolling Stone editor Matt Taibbi and Yves Smith, creator of the finance and economics blog Naked Capitalism, join Bill to discuss the folly and corruption of both banks and government, and how that tag-team leaves deep wounds in our democracy.  Taibbi’s latest piece is “The Scam Wall Street Learned from the Mafia.” Smith is the author of ECONned: How Unenlightened Self Interest Undermined Democracy and Corrupted Capitalism.

Desperate Monti needs Merkel summit deal to stop revolt at home - (www.telegraph.co.uk) Italy's technocrat government risks a parliamentary mutiny unless premier Mario Monti can secure major concessions from Germany at a crucial summit of the eurozone's Big Four powers in Rome on Friday. "Monti is desperate. Reform fatigue has breached breaking point," said a top Italian official. "There is a feeling here that the euro is basically dead already. Unless Germany offers a road map out of this crisis, Monti is not going to be able to hold it together much longer." The main Left and Right parties have until now backed Mr Monti's fiscal squeeze – a net tightening of 3.2pc of GDP this year – and radical reform of pension and labour markets.

Cyprus Seeks Bailout Due to Greece Exposure - (www.cnbc.com) Cyprus on Monday became the fifth euro-zone country to seek financial assistance from the EU's rescue funds, announcing it was applying for a bailout for its banking sector hit by exposure to the crisis in Greece. Tiny Cyprus needs to raise at least 1.8 billion euros — equivalent to about 10 percent of its domestic output — by June 30 to satisfy European regulators about the health of Cyprus Popular Bank, which saw its balance sheet hurt by bad Greek debt. It may seek more. "The purpose of the required assistance is to contain the risks to the Cypriot economy, notably those arising from the negative spill over effects through its financial sector, due to its large exposure in the Greek economy," a government announcement said.





Sunday, July 8, 2012

Monday July 9 Housing and Economic stories



TOP STORIES:

Prepare for Lehman re-run, Bank official warns - (www.telegraph.co.uk)  Banks and traders must prepare for a devastating market seizure as governments grapple with the escalating economic crisis in Europe, a Bank of England policymaker has warned. Cheap and ready access to the liquid assets that oil the financial markets are under threat from both state-imposed capital controls and flagging confidence in the euro, Robert Jenkins, a member of the Bank’s Financial Policy Committee, told the Global Alternative Investment Management conference in Monaco. Without easy access to liquidity, markets could seize in a re-run of the credit crunch after the collapse of Lehman Brothers, he warned. “Those of you who traded asset backed securities in 2008 can testify to the speed with which liquidity can disappear,” he said. “Yet despite these examples, many continue to assume that ... ‘liquidity’ is free and will be freely available.

Merkel Balks At Sovereign Debt Purchases To Overcome Crisis - (www.bloomberg.com) German Chancellor Angela Merkel balked at committing to direct sovereign debt purchases through the euro-area bailout fund, pushing back on calls by the bloc’s leaders who support the measure as a way to ease the crisis. Such a move, while legally possible, “is not up for debate” at present, Merkel said yesterday in Berlin. French PresidentFrancois Hollande championed the idea of using the European Stability Mechanism to purchase indebted countries’ bonds as a way to counter rising yields. Just returned from the Group of 20 summit in Los Cabos, Mexico, Merkel said: “I haven’t heard about such things.” “There is no concrete planning that I know about, but there is the possibility of purchasing sovereign bonds on the secondary market,” Merkel told reporters in Berlin after meeting with Dutch Prime Minister Mark Rutte. “But this is a purely theoretical statement about the legal situation.”

Americans Hold Dimmest View On Economic Outlook In Five Months - (www.bloomberg.com) The fewest Americans in five months said the economy was improving in June, signaling the slowdown in employment is seeping into consumer psychology. The share of households viewing the economy as heading in the right direction fell to 22 percent this month, the lowest since January, pushing the Bloomberg monthly expectations gauge to minus 11 from minus 1 in May. The weekly Bloomberg Consumer Comfort Index was minus 37.9 in the period ended June 17, down from a four-week high of minus 36.4. “The steady drip of dreary economic data and deteriorating labor market is reshaping public expectations,” said Bloomberg LP senior economist Joseph Brusuelas in New York. The decline “will likely result in slower spending, which in turn will likely have an adverse impact on business confidence.”

BlueMountain Said To Help Unwind JPMorgan’s Whale Trades - (www.bloomberg.com)  A hedge fund run by a former JPMorgan Chase & Co. (JPM) executive who helped create the credit- derivatives market is aiding the lender as it unwinds trades in an index at the heart of a loss of more than $2 billion. BlueMountain Capital Management LLC, co-founded by Andrew Feldstein, has been compiling trades in recent weeks that would offset JPMorgan’s risk in Series 9 of the Markit CDX North America Investment Grade Index, then selling the positions to the bank, according to three people outside the firms who are familiar with the strategy. That allowed the bank, which is said to have amassed as much as $100 billion in bets on the index, to unwind trades outside the traditional web of dealers. “They used BlueMountain to disguise what they were doing,” Peter Tchir, founder of New York-based macro advisory firm TF Market Advisors, said in a telephone interview. “It all gets a little bizarre and shows how screwy this whole market is.”

The Recession Threat Is Growing Around The World, And Goldman Says The Fed Won't Do Anything About It - (www.businessinsider.com)  Prior to yesterday's FOMC meeting, Goldman's Jan Hatzius was one of the most confident that the Fed would do QE. It didn't. Now Hatzius doesn't see any QE on the imminent horizon. This is what he said in a note this morning: ...the hurdle for additional balance sheet action in the next few months appears to be quite high. The fact that the FOMC took a "substantive" easing step today probably makes another easing move in the near term relatively unlikely. The reason is that the FOMC has not employed its unconventional tools in the same continuous fashion in which it used to move the funds rate. Chairman Bernanke today justified this strategy by saying that unconventional tools "by their nature…tend to be lumpy." Although we do not see an obvious economic reason for why unconventional tools could not be used in a more continuous fashion, the chairman's view implies that today's action raises the bar for an additional easing move involving the balance sheet in the near term.





Thursday, July 5, 2012

Friday July 6 Housing and Economic stories



TOP STORIES:

Public Workers Face Continued Layoffs, Hurting the Recovery - (www.nytimes.com) Companies have been slowly adding workers for more than two years. But pink slips are still going out in a crucial area: government. In California, the governor is threatening to eliminate 15,000 state jobs. When school begins in Cleveland this fall, more than 500 teachers probably will be out of work. And in Trenton — which has already cut a third of its police force, hundreds of school district employees and at least 150 other public workers — the only way the city will forestall the loss of 60 more firefighters is if a federal grant comes through. Government payrolls grew in the early part of the recovery, largely because of federal stimulus measures. But since its postrecession peak in April 2009 (not counting temporary Census hiring), the public sector has shrunk by 657,000 jobs. The losses appeared to be tapering off earlier this year, but have accelerated for the last three months, creating the single biggest drag on the recovery in many areas.

LCH Raises Margin Costs For Trading Spanish Bonds Amid Crisis - (www.bloomberg.com) LCH Clearnet Ltd., Europe’s biggest clearing house, raised the extra deposit it takes from clients to trade most Spanish government bonds as concern mounts that euro-area leaders are failing to tame the debt crisis. The margin needed for Spanish securities due in 10 years to 15 years will be increased to 14.7 percent from 13.6 percent, according to a statement on LCH Clearnet’s website yesterday, which was confirmed by Rachael Harper, a spokeswoman for the company. The rate was also boosted on all Spanish debt due from zero months through seven years. Spain became the fourth member of the 17-nation bloc to seek a bailout since the financial turmoil began almost three years ago when it asked for aid to rescue its lenders on June 9. That helped send the yield on the 10-year bond to a euro- lifetime high of 7.29 percent two days ago. “The LCH margin increase is part and parcel of a process where every institution involved in a given trade tries to protect itself, thereby accelerating the speed with which Spanish bonds fall,” said Sebastien Galy, a senior foreign- exchange strategist at Societe Generale SA in New York.

Wiggle Room Emerges in Greece’s Bailout Deal - (www.nytimes.com) LCH Clearnet Ltd., Europe’s biggest clearing house, raised the extra deposit it takes from clients to trade most Spanish government bonds as concern mounts that euro-area leaders are failing to tame the debt crisis. The margin needed for Spanish securities due in 10 years to 15 years will be increased to 14.7 percent from 13.6 percent, according to a statement on LCH Clearnet’s website yesterday, which was confirmed by Rachael Harper, a spokeswoman for the company. The rate was also boosted on all Spanish debt due from zero months through seven years. Spain became the fourth member of the 17-nation bloc to seek a bailout since the financial turmoil began almost three years ago when it asked for aid to rescue its lenders on June 9. That helped send the yield on the 10-year bond to a euro- lifetime high of 7.29 percent two days ago.

Italy wants euro rescue funds to buy its debt - (www.reuters.com) Italy put forward a proposal at a G20 summit in Mexico on Tuesday for the euro zone's rescue funds to start buying the debt of distressed European countries, and the idea is expected to be discussed at a meeting of leaders in Rome on Friday. The Italian proposal foresees using the EU's rescue funds, known as the EFSF and the ESM, to buy bonds of countries such as Spain and Italy in the secondary market to help bring down bond yields and lower refinancing costs. Both facilities have the power to buy sovereign debt, but so far only the European Central Bank (ECB) has been active in purchasing the bonds of stricken euro zone countries, snapping up over 210 billion euros worth of debt since launching the programme in May 2010.

The 'Skyscraper Index' Is Warning That The Global Economy Could Soon Collapse - (www.businessinsider.com) We've discussed about how skyscraper construction can be used to predict imminent doom for the global economy. Originally conceived of by Barclays, the idea is that there's correlation between construction of the next world's tallest building and an impending financial crisis. From the Empire State Building in 1930 to the Burj Khalifa in 2007, it's unfortunately but eerily accurate. Now, as Azizonomics points out, China is announcing it wants to build the tallest building in the world: a 220-story "car-free city" in the inland town of Changsha.






Wednesday, July 4, 2012

Thursday July 5 Housing and Economic stories



TOP STORIES:

Study: State pension shortfall ballooned in 2010 - (www.ap.com) Recession-plagued states diverted scarce money away from pensions to pay for more immediate concerns, leaving a $757 billion hole in the retirement funds covering millions of public employees, according to a study released Monday. The Pew Center on the States found 34 states failed to maintain safe levels of money in the pension funds, which most experts agree is about 80 percent of long-term obligations. Four states — Connecticut, Illinois, Kentucky and Rhode Island — didn't even have 55 percent of the money they'll need in the long run. The total gap between the money states had available and what they'll have to pay out in the decades ahead reached $757 billion in 2010, the most recent year for which figures are available. That was up 9 percent from the year before, according to the study entitled "The Widening Gap Update."

Spain Borrowing Costs Surge at Auction - (www.bloomberg.com) Spain lurched closer to becoming the largest euro zone country yet to be shut out of credit markets when it had to pay a euro era record price to sell short-term debt on Tuesday. The soaring borrowing costs showed that a euro zone deal to lend Spain up to 100 billion euros ($126 billion) for its banks had not solved the country's problems or restored investor confidence and suggests more aid may be needed fix its finances. They also illustrated how Europe's troubles run much deeper than Greece, brought back from the brink of default by Sunday's parliamentary election that has cleared the way for a renegotiation of the terms of its bailout package. The two-and-a-half year old debt crisis has hobbled the global economy and world leaders meeting in Mexico piled pressure on the euro zone to move towards a fiscal and banking union to fix the crisis that now threatens to engulf Spain.

Spain pleads for ECB rescue as bond market slams shut - (www.telegraph.co.uk)  Europe's leaders have vowed to mobilise all possible means to counter the region's escalating crisis after Spain's borrowing costs threatened to spiral out of control. Yields on 10-year Spanish bonds surged to a record high of almost 7.3pc as investors ignored the victory of pro-bailout parties in Greece's elections. The closely-watched two-year yield rocketed by 65 basis points in a matter of hours, signalling a near-total collapse of confidence in Spain's €100bn (£80.3bn) rescue from the EU last week to shore up its banking system. Cristobal Montoro, the economy minister, warned that Spain is now in a "critical" condition and pleaded with the European Central Bank to act with "full force" to defeat markets hostile to the euro project.

Worried Banks Resist Fiscal Union - (www.nytimes.com) The seemingly endless series of euro zone crises has European officials pushing for a banking union that would watch over and bind together the currency group’s faltering financial institutions. But for Europeans, there seems to be little appetite for such a compact right now. In fact, banks and their national regulators, anxious about the Greek elections and Spain’s hastily arranged bailout, are behaving more parochially than ever. That poses a threat to the interbank lending across borders that is crucial to maintaining liquidity — the free flow of money that is the lifeblood of the global financial system.

Faith is lost in Italian government - (www.washingtonpost.com) Before Italians turned to Mario Monti late last year to rescue them, the country’s debt crisis had sent its borrowing costs skyrocketing and the government’s credibility tumbling. Anxiety eased for a time once Monti took the helm as prime minister, and so did the financial pressures on Italy, the euro zone’s third-largest economy. But now, seven months after the well-regarded economist Monti was tapped to replace billionaire playboy Silvio Berlusconi, faith in the Italian government is again plummeting — inside and outside the country. And with global investors increasingly squeamish about lending Italy money, the interest rate on government bonds is soaring again, breaching the dangerous 6 percent level on Monday.




Tuesday, July 3, 2012

Wednesday July 4 Housing and Economic stories



TOP STORIES:

Goldman paid bulk of Rajat Gupta's legal fees: NYT - (www.reuters.com) Goldman Sachs has paid for the bulk of former board member Rajat Gupta's legal defense in an insider trading case that ended in his conviction, the New York Times reported, citing two people with direct knowledge of the matter. Gupta, a consummate business insider who also sat on the board of Procter & Gamble, was convicted on Friday of leaking secrets about Goldman at the height of the financial crisis, a major victory for prosecutors seeking to root out illicit trading on Wall Street.

Dimon Faces ‘Harsher And Crazier’ House Crowd In Second Round - (www.bloomberg.com) Dimon didn’t hesitate to push back against lawmakers who criticized the bank’s lobbying or size. He said big banks like JPMorgan provide loans for homeowners and businesses of all sizes. “I assume you want us to do that,” he said. “We’re the biggest small, or one of the biggest small business lenders in the United States. We raised four or five hundred billion dollars for the biggest American corporations. We bank some of those corporations in 20 countries around the world.” “That’s what we do,” he said. Representative Maxine Waters, a California Democrat, asked Dimon to explain why JPMorgan has lobbied against provisions of the 2010 Dodd-Frank Act which overhauled financial regulation. Dimon has been especially outspoken in his opposition to the so- called Volcker rule, which bans banks from engaging in most proprietary trading.

Spain Back in Cross Hairs - (online.wsj.com) The brief afterglow from Greece's vote Sunday to try to remain in the euro was quickly extinguished by a cascade of bad news out of Spain that again rattled faith in the currency bloc's ability to support its most troubled members. Fresh data from Spain's central bank showed the country's lenders were sitting on the highest level of bad loans in 18 years and that their deposits continued to leak away. The gloomy figures—and worries that consultants scouring the creaky banking system will find yet more problems—helped drive Spanish bond yields deep into territory that is widely viewed as unsustainable.

Greece Set For Bailout Reward As EU Sees Tweaked Aid Terms - (www.bloomberg.com) Greek voters are likely to get a reward for backing pro-euro parties, with European creditors set to ease bailout terms on the debt-swamped country mired in the fifth year of recession. A first step will be when Greece’s still to-be-formed government requests modifications to the 240 billion-euro ($304 billion) rescue programs, leading to a revision of Greece’s economic-performance targets sometime before September, a European official told reporters in Brussels today. Europe floated the relief as the victor in the June 17 Greek election, Antonis Samaras of the New Democracy party, accelerated preparations for a coalition government including his historic Socialist rivals with a mandate to loosen the bailout constraints while keeping Greece in the euro.

French businesses fear "systematic strangling" - (www.reuters.com) France's new Socialist government risks smothering businesses under new taxes and regulation, the head of the employers association said on Tuesday as figures showed company morale plummeting to crisis levels. Bracing for a less business-friendly government, Medef President Laurence Parisot said employers' concerns were falling on deaf ears in the government as they faced what she described as unprecedented uncertainty due to Europe's debt crisis. She warned margins were tumbling, orders collapsing and cashflow dwindling as investment and hiring were put off or cancelled outright in the face of the uncertain economic outlook.






Monday, July 2, 2012

Tuesday July 3 Housing and Economic stories



TOP STORIES:

Euro Crisis Deeper With Moody’s Downgrading Spain, Cyprus - (www.bloomberg.com) The European debt crisis deepened as the credit ratings of Spain and Cyprus were downgraded by Moody’s Investors Service.
Moody’s yesterday cut Spain’s rating three steps to Baa3, one level above junk, from A3, citing the nation’s increased debt burden, weakening economy and limited access to capital markets. Moody’s also lowered Cyprus’s bond rating to Ba3 from Ba1, attributing the downgrade to the material increase in the likelihood of a Greek exit from the euro area, and the resulting increase in the probable amount of support that the government may have to extend to Cypriot banks. Moody’s is following the sentiment of financial markets that weren’t calmed by Europe’s 100 billion-euro ($126 billion) weekend bailout of Spanish banks, said Clay Lowery, a vice president at Washington-based Rock Creek Global Advisors LLC and former assistant Treasury secretary for international affairs.

A New Credit Crisis? What This Bank's Stock Is Telling Markets - (www.cnbc.com) Shares of Credit Suisse fell below levels the multinational banking giant hit during the U.S. housing crisis, signaling an even deeper and broader credit crisis may be awaiting global markets, many investors said. Credit Suisse, the second-largest Swiss bank, with offices in 46 countries, plunged  nearly 10 percent in U.S. trading Thursday to below the $18 level hit in 2008 and then again in 2009. “Most market participants I talk to continue to underestimate the importance of the European banking system to global asset markets,” said Enis Taner, global macro editor at RiskReversal.com. “European bank balance sheets are more than twice the size of U.S. bank balance sheets and given that the current crisis in Europe is at its root a banking crisis, the situation is potentially more concerning than 2008.”

Depositors Fleeing Greek Banks - (www.bloomberg.com) Greek deposit outflows have accelerated before this weekend’s elections, two bankers familiar with the situation said, on concern the nation may move closer to abandoning the euro. Daily withdrawals have increased to the upper end of a 100 million-euro ($125 million) to 500 million-euro range this month, one banker said, asking not to be identified because the figures aren’t public. A second banker said the drawdown may have exceeded 700 million euros yesterday. An official for the Bank of Greece (TELL), the Athens-based central bank, declined to comment. Greek banks are under strain after individuals and companies withdrew about 72 billion euros since the nation triggered a region-wide sovereign-debt crisis in October 2009. While lenders have access to European Central Bank funding, an exit from the euro would cut them off. Depositors are seeking to preserve their cash on concern Greece may adopt a new currency that would immediately drop in value.

Stocks Edging Closer to Financial Cliff - (www.youtube.com) TrimTabs President and CEO Charles Biderman explains why there is little hope for growth any time in the near future. 

Greek Workers Keep Working Without Pay - (www.cnbc.com) The stereotype of the lazy Greek worker, putting in long hours but not producing much, and not declaring everything to the taxman, has dogged the country’s efforts to get international sympathy. And this cliché has permeated public opinion elsewhere. Greece is perceived as the least hard-working country in Europe by the British, the Germans, the Spanish, Poles and Czechs, according to a recent survey by Pew. Greeks who were surveyed pointed the finger at Italy as the laziest country. Yet the picture is far from clear-cut. Greeks have less vacation time, and their retirement age is rising from the current average of 61 under the terms of the bailout.






Sunday, July 1, 2012

Monday July 2 Housing and Economic stories



TOP STORIES:

Angry Bagmaker Shows China Slowdown Worst In Wenzhou - (www.bloomberg.com) Jiang Xiangsong has 18 days to pay a 2 million yuan ($314,000) bank debt or his suitcase company in eastern China will go bankrupt. He’s close to tears as he realizes his last hope, a government-backed office, won’t help. “This is totally useless: If I had any collateral, why the hell would I come here?” he yells at an official in Wenzhou’s state-run loan service, set up to help small businesses after rising bankruptcies and suicides prompted Premier Wen Jiabao to visit in October and pledge support. Wenzhou’s more than 400,000 businesses make everything from shoes in dusty side streets to synthetic leather in dilapidated factories, much of it financed by unregulated lenders that spread during China’s record 2009-10 credit boom. The decline of so-called shadow banking in the city, triggered by Wen’s move to rein in a national property bubble, has left Wenzhou bearing the brunt of the country’s economic slowdown.

Rajoy Declares War On Central Bankers To Counter Crunch - (www.bloomberg.com)  Spain and Italy appealed to European policy makers to step up their response to the financial crisis after a 100 billion-euro ($125 billion) lifeline for Spanish banks failed to calm markets. Spanish Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy said today he’ll “battle” central bankers refusing to buy debt from peripheral nations. Rajoy published a letter to European Union leaders calling for the European Central Bank to buy debt from the countries struggling to shore up their finances. “That is the battle we have to wage in Europe,” Rajoy told the Spanish parliament in Madrid today. “I am waging it.” His Italian counterpart, Mario Monti, told lawmakers in Rome Europe faces a “crucial” moment. The leaders of southern Europe’s biggest economies went on the offensive as bond yields jumped following the announcement of a bailout for Spanish banks that was intended to quell concern over the countries’ finances. The decline wiped out the effects of 1 trillion euros in ECB loans for euro-region banks that had held yields in check since December.

Analysis: Endless QE? $6 trillion and counting - (www.reuters.com) Many more years of money printing from the world's big four central banks now looks destined to add to the $6 trillion already created since 2008 and may transform the relationship between the once fiercely-independent banks and governments. As rich economies sink deeper into a slough of debt after yet another wave of euro financial and banking stress and U.S. hiring hesitancy, everyone is looking back to the U.S. Federal Reserve, European Central Bank, Bank of England and Bank of Japan to stabilize the situation once more. What's for sure is that quantitative easing, whereby the "Big Four" central banks have for four years effectively created new money by expanding their balance sheets and buying mostly government bonds from their banks, is back on the agenda for all their upcoming policy meetings.

Italy Tax Increases Backfire As Monti Tightens Belts - (www.bloomberg.com) Italian Prime Minister Mario Monti is facing signs that tax increases are beginning to backfire as his new levy on real estate goes into effect.
Value-added tax receipts have declined since Monti’s predecessor, Silvio Berlusconi, raised the rate by 1 percentage point in September as the economy was slipping into recession, government data released June 5 showed. The amount collected fell in the 12 months ended April 30 to the lowest since 2006. Finding the right deficit-reduction mix as Monti fights to meet budget targets is critical for Italy to avoid becoming the biggest victim yet of Europe’s financial crisis. A slump that is driving up welfare spending is adding urgency to Monti’s effort to make the economy more competitive amid a growing backlash across Europe against austerity.

Why Obama's JOBS Act Couldn't Suck Worse - (www.rollingstone.com) I thought there was a chance Barack Obama was listening to the popular anger against Wall Street that drove the Occupy movement, that decisions like putting a for-real law enforcement guy like New York AG Eric Schneiderman in charge of a mortgage fraud task force meant he was at least willing to pay lip service to public outrage against the banks. Then the JOBS Act happened. The "Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act" (in addition to everything else, the Act has an annoying, redundant title) will very nearly legalize fraud in the stock market. In fact, one could say this law is not just a sweeping piece of deregulation that will have an increase in securities fraud as an accidental, ancillary consequence. No, this law actually appears to have been specifically written to encourage fraud in the stock markets. Ostensibly, the law makes it easier for startup companies (particularly tech companies, whose lobbyists were a driving force behind its passage) to attract capital by, among other things, exempting them from independent accounting requirements for up to five years after they first begin selling shares in the stock market. The law also rolls back rules designed to prevent bank analysts from talking up a stock just to win business, a practice that was so pervasive in the tech-boom years as to be almost industry standard.